The Court of Appeal considered a situation where a single occurrence was accepted by trial court as similar fact evidence. The Court of Appeal found this in error because one occurrence could not establish a "pattern" which was "so distinctive as to constitute a 'calling card', 'signature' or 'hallmark'" (para 31).
This may be a useful case for those trying to exclude similar fact evidence. That said, it seems inconsistent with R v Handy [2002] S.C.J. No 57 which rejected the category bases analysis of similar fact evidence.
Tuesday, July 26, 2011
If proposed similar fact evidence relates to a single occurrence it cannot establish a pattern
R v TLM, [2011] N. J. 118 is an interesting Newfoundland decision.
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Yes, interesting, but I think the Court of Appeal is correct here. The very idea of a pattern is a 'similarity across instances', which cannot occur in the case of a single instance. Therefore any putative assertion of 'pattern' is speculation about the salience of certain aspects of the event. The salience of these aspects may indeed be proven, but not on the basis of a presumed pattern that would presuppose their salience.
I think you can still establish a similarity between the present case and a previous case, without establishing a pattern of previous cases. This would be supported by some conditions of the Handy test (as explained here; IANAL ) such as 'the extent to which the other events are factually similar' and 'the circumstances surrounding the events'.
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